Oxygenated Rain

Optimization of Synthetic Oxygenated Fuels

Background Mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions from transportation sources will require implementation of a variety of strategies, including improvements in the efficiency of overall vehicle/fuel systems, such as hybrid and new high-efficiency diesel engines, and use of synthetic fuels to replace or supplement petroleum-based fuels. A particularly attractive class of synthetic fuels is oxyge...

Oxygenated organic aerosol in MILAGRO

Oxygenated organic functional groups and their sources in single and submicron organic particles in MILAGRO 2006 campaign S. Liu, S. Takahama, L. M. Russell, S. Gilardoni, and D. Baumgardner Scripps Institution of Oceanography, Univ. of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA Joint Research Centre, European Commission, Ispra, Italy Centro de Ciencias de la Atmósfera, Univ. Nacional Aut...

Health effects of oxygenated fuels.

The use of oxygenated fuels is anticipated to increase over the next decades. This paper reviews the toxicological and exposure information for methyl tertiary-butyl ether (MTBE), a fuel additive, and methanol, a replacement fuel, and discusses the possible health consequences of exposure of the general public to these compounds. For MTBE, the health effects information available is derived alm...

Reactions of oxygenated cytochrome oxidase.

Tropical Rain Classification and Estimation of Rain from Z-r (reflectivity-rain Rate) Relationships

A Z-R relation is derived using a data set which consists of nine rain events selected from Singapore’s drop size distribution. Rain events are separated into convective and stratiform types of rain using two methods: the Gamache-Houze method, a simple threshold technique, and the Atlas-Ulbrich method. In the Atlas-Ulbrich method, the variability of the rain integral parameters R, Z, Nw, D0 and...